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2. Caring in a changing climate: Centering care work in climate action
- Author:
- Seema Arora-Johnson, Maeve Cohen, and Sherilyn MacGregor
- Publication Date:
- 02-2022
- Content Type:
- Research Paper
- Institution:
- Oxfam Publishing
- Abstract:
- The global care crisis is being exacerbated by the global climate emergency, with interlocking impacts that threaten lives and livelihoods in all parts of the world. These impacts are particularly severe among rural livelihoods in low-income countries. Climate change intensifies the work involved in caring for people, animals, plants, and places. It reduces the availability and quality of public services in marginalized communities and directly compounds the unfair distribution of unpaid care work that sustains gender inequality. Yet the intersections of climate change and care work have been overlooked in the development literature. Strategies for climate mitigation and adaptation have paid relatively little attention to how care work is affected by climate impacts, nor have they considered whether interventions improve or intensify the situation of carers. Instead, when designing “gender-sensitive” climate actions, the focus has been largely on women’s economic empowerment as opposed to alleviating or transforming existing distributions of care work. The aim of this report is to fill a knowledge gap by examining the points of interaction between climate change impacts and the amount, distribution, and conditions of unpaid care work. We focus on care workers rather than those who are cared for, while stressing the relational nature of care and acknowledging that carers too require care.
- Topic:
- Climate Change, Development, Environment, and Migration
- Political Geography:
- Global Focus
3. Safe but Not Settled: The Impact of Family Separation on Refugees in the UK
- Author:
- Oxfam Publishing
- Publication Date:
- 01-2018
- Content Type:
- Research Paper
- Institution:
- Oxfam Publishing
- Abstract:
- Refugees in the UK often find themselves separated from their families by their brutal experiences of conflict and persecution, just at the time when they need each other the most. This separation can drag on for years or sometimes indefinitely because of the UK’s restrictive rules on refugee family reunion. This joint report by the Refugee Council and Oxfam is one of the first to look at how family reunion and ongoing forced separation from loved ones affect the ability of refugees to successfully integrate into UK society.
- Topic:
- Migration, Refugee Crisis, Displacement, Conflict, Borders, Family, and Humanitarian Crisis
- Political Geography:
- United Kingdom, Europe, and Global Focus
4. ‘The Lawyers Have Given Us Hope Again’: Legal aid for protection in Europe
- Author:
- Valentina Bacchin
- Publication Date:
- 07-2018
- Content Type:
- Case Study
- Institution:
- Oxfam Publishing
- Abstract:
- The migratory movement towards Europe through Spain, Italy and Greece is an old phenomenon, with peaks at times of conflict. But the summer of 2015 saw an exponential increase in arrivals, as people transited through Libya to Italy, through Turkey to reach Greece, and from there through the Balkans to continue their quest for safety. One of Oxfam’s biggest concerns as it has worked to respond to the crisis is that people’s fundamental human rights are not being respected, and that they face obstacles to accessing international protection for a variety of reasons. To address these issues, Oxfam has partnered with organizations in Greece, Italy and the Balkans to provide information and legal aid, and to conduct research and advocacy. This case study evaluates the work of the programme so far, analysing both its successes and challenges.
- Topic:
- Human Rights, International Cooperation, Migration, Legal Theory, and Humanitarian Crisis
- Political Geography:
- Europe, Greece, Serbia, Macedonia, and Italy
5. Tailor Made: How Syrian Refugee Women are Finding their Own Way to Join the Jordanian Economy
- Author:
- Shaddin Almasri
- Publication Date:
- 08-2018
- Content Type:
- Policy Brief
- Institution:
- Oxfam Publishing
- Abstract:
- Earning an income is a struggle for the residents of Za’atari refugee camp in Jordan, and women’s economic participation is extremely low. Oxfam initiated the Lel-Haya (For Life) project in Za’atari to build the capacities of Syrian refugee women, both in vocational training and soft skills. A small number of women involved in the project were subsequently employed by a garment factory in northern Jordan. This briefing note highlights these women’s experiences, the challenges they have faced and how they have overcome them.
- Topic:
- Gender Issues, Migration, Refugee Crisis, and Economic Development
- Political Geography:
- Middle East, Syria, and Jordan
6. One Year On: Time to Put Women and Girls at the Heart of the Rohingya Response
- Author:
- Dorothy Sang
- Publication Date:
- 09-2018
- Content Type:
- Policy Brief
- Institution:
- Oxfam Publishing
- Abstract:
- Beginning on 25 August 2017, over 700,000 Rohingya refugees fled from Myanmar to Bangladesh seeking safety and lifesaving assistance. While safe from the violence they were subjected to in Myanmar, Rohingya women continue to face huge protection risks and challenges in Bangladesh. This briefing paper looks at how the humanitarian response, one year on, is meeting the specific needs of women and girls and what more can and should be done so that women and girls can access services, voice their concerns and hopes for the future and influence the decisions that affect their lives.
- Topic:
- Gender Issues, Migration, Water, Minorities, Refugees, Displacement, Humanitarian Crisis, and Hygiene
- Political Geography:
- Bangladesh, Asia, and Myanmar
7. Together Again: Reuniting refugee families in safety – what the UK can do
- Author:
- Josephine Libel and Anna Musgrave
- Publication Date:
- 02-2017
- Content Type:
- Commentary and Analysis
- Institution:
- Oxfam Publishing
- Abstract:
- This paper highlights how the UK government could do more to enable refugees with family members in the UK to travel here safely. The current rules leave families facing impossible decisions: bring some family members to safety but leave others behind, often at even greater risk as they may be isolated and alone in dangerous circumstances; or put their loved ones’ lives in the hands of smugglers in a desperate attempt to be together in the UK. By changing its restrictive policy, the UK government could help make families more resilient in the face of displacement, prevent men, women and children from embarking on dangerous journeys, and support the integration of refugees in the UK.
- Topic:
- Humanitarian Aid, Migration, Refugees, Displacement, and Conflict
- Political Geography:
- United Kingdom and Europe
8. ‘We’re Not There Yet…’ Voices of Refugees from Syria in Lebanon
- Author:
- Francesca El Asmar and Nour Shawaf
- Publication Date:
- 05-2017
- Content Type:
- Research Paper
- Institution:
- Oxfam Publishing
- Abstract:
- As the Syrian crisis enters its sixth year, the world is witness to what has been characterized as the largest humanitarian emergency of our time. More than 11 million people have fled their homes, of whom around five million have sought refuge in neighbouring countries. Lebanon is hosting 1.5 million refugees from Syria, and 31,500 registered Palestinian refugees from Syria as of December 2016. This report presents the results of Oxfam’s research project which looked at the perceptions and expectations of refugees in Lebanon in relation to their future, their present situation and their past experiences. It aims to open up discussion on lasting solutions that will allow refugees to influence the decisions being made and to define concepts of safe and dignified living. The report argues that the perceptions, lived experiences and expectations of the refugees themselves should be the building blocks of their future, whereby freedom to make choices is a fundamental component of dignity.
- Topic:
- Migration, Refugee Crisis, Displacement, and Humanitarian Crisis
- Political Geography:
- Pakistan, Middle East, Lebanon, and Syria
9. Dear Family: How European migration policies are keeping families apart
- Author:
- Angeliki Nika
- Publication Date:
- 06-2017
- Content Type:
- Policy Brief
- Institution:
- Oxfam Publishing
- Abstract:
- In 2015, nearly a million people crossed the Aegean fleeing persecution or seeking a better life. Many of these people made perilous journeys to reunite with family members. The lack of accessible, safe and regular routes for family reunification has resulted in thousands of people taking dangerous journeys, making them vulnerable to abuse and exploitation at the hands of smugglers and traffickers. European migration policies put in place to prevent irregular migration into Europe make it likely that families will be separated and make it difficult for them to reunite. Many people in Greece that remain separated from loved ones in another EU member state are increasingly desperate to reunite with them. Most have been stranded in Greece for over a year, trying to navigate the asylum system and family reunification procedures. This report identifies the impact of European migration policies on family unity and the wellbeing of people stranded in Greece. It is based on a series of focus group discussions and key informant interviews conducted in Greece between February and May 2017. The report calls on the governments of Greece and other EU member states to protect the right to family life of refugees and anyone who applies for international protection.
- Topic:
- Migration, Regional Cooperation, European Union, Refugee Crisis, and Displacement
- Political Geography:
- Europe
10. Still Looking for Safety: Voices of Refugees from Syria on Solutions for the Present and Future
- Author:
- Amy Keith and Nour Shawaf
- Publication Date:
- 06-2017
- Content Type:
- Policy Brief
- Institution:
- Oxfam Publishing
- Abstract:
- Syrian refugees and Palestine refugees from Syria have fled their homes in search of safety. But Oxfam’s 2017 research revealed that most people interviewed do not consider that they have found complete safety and protection in Lebanon. Refugees’ views on what constitutes ‘safety’ are individual and subjective. This paper argues that the international community and host governments should not make decisions for refugees about what or where is ‘safe’, but instead should support refugees to find safety in the present, and determine their futures for themselves.
- Topic:
- Migration, Refugees, Displacement, and Humanitarian Crisis
- Political Geography:
- Middle East, Israel, Palestine, Lebanon, and Syria
11. Beyond ‘Fortress Europe’: Principles for a Humane EU Migration Policy
- Author:
- Raphael Shilhav
- Publication Date:
- 10-2017
- Content Type:
- Policy Brief
- Institution:
- Oxfam Publishing
- Abstract:
- In 2015, the EU announced its Agenda for Migration: a blueprint for managing migration. Two years on, it’s clear these policies have sacrificed people’s safety and well-being in order to stop irregular migration at all costs. This report outlines Oxfam’s proposal for a new and balanced approach to managing migration – one that protects people and promotes the benefits associated with migration for European host countries, people on the move and their countries of origin.
- Topic:
- Migration, Regional Cooperation, European Union, Regionalism, and Humanitarian Crisis
- Political Geography:
- Europe
12. Uprooted by Climate Change: Responding to the Growing Risk of Displacement
- Author:
- Simon Bradshaw and Julie-Anne Richards
- Publication Date:
- 10-2017
- Content Type:
- Policy Brief
- Institution:
- Oxfam Publishing
- Abstract:
- Climate change is already forcing people from their land and homes, and putting many more at risk of displacement in the future. Supercharged storms, more intense droughts, rising seas and other impacts of climate change all magnify existing vulnerabilities and the likelihood of displacement – disproportionately affecting low-income countries, women, children and Indigenous peoples. This paper describes the effects on communities and how responding to these growing realities demands far stronger action towards ending global climate pollution, supporting resilient communities, ensuring rights for people on the move and developing long-term strategies to ensure that those who are forced to move in the future are able to do so safely and with dignity.
- Topic:
- Climate Change, Environment, Migration, Displacement, and Paris Agreement
- Political Geography:
- Global Focus
13. An Emergency for Whom? The EU Emergency Trust Fund for Africa – Migratory Routes and Development Aid in Africa
- Author:
- Elise Kervyn and Raphael Shilhav
- Publication Date:
- 11-2017
- Content Type:
- Policy Brief
- Institution:
- Oxfam Publishing
- Abstract:
- In 2015, the EU and its member states set up the ‘EU Emergency Trust Fund for stability and addressing root causes of irregular migration and displaced persons in Africa’ to promote stability and economic opportunities and to strengthen resilience. An Oxfam analysis of all the projects approved under the instrument shows that its flexible nature has generated both opportunities and risks. This briefing argues that the Fund lacks sufficient checks and balances to ensure that European interests do not take precedence over the needs of the people that aid is intended to help.
- Topic:
- Humanitarian Aid, Migration, Regional Cooperation, European Union, and Refugee Crisis
- Political Geography:
- Europe
14. Transitioning to a Government-Run Refugee and Migrant Response in Greece: A Joint NGO Roadmap for More Fair and Humane Policies
- Author:
- Oxfam Publishing
- Publication Date:
- 12-2017
- Content Type:
- Policy Brief
- Institution:
- Oxfam Publishing
- Abstract:
- Two years on from the peak of the ‘refugee crisis’ in Greece, the Greek state is beginning to take over management and financing of aspects of the reception and integration system, and many international nongovernmental organisations (NGOs) that came to assist with the then-humanitarian emergency are downsizing or preparing to exit the country entirely. At this turning point, the 13 undersigned NGOs believe it is critical to reflect on our field experiences, build on the progress collectively made, and provide recommendations for a smooth transition and a sustainable Greek Government-managed refugee and migrant reception and integration system. The transition to a government-run response is a positive step if implemented transparently, promptly, and in close collaboration with local governments, as well as the organisations currently providing services, soon to fall under the responsibility of the Greek Government. It is under this current state of affairs, and with the goal of preventing regression, that we write this report.
- Topic:
- Migration, Governance, Refugees, and Displacement
- Political Geography:
- Europe and Greece
15. Europe, Don't Let Us Down: Voices of refugees and migrants in Greece
- Author:
- Renata Rendon and Matta Samiou
- Publication Date:
- 06-2016
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Oxfam Publishing
- Abstract:
- Since the beginning of 2015 more than one million migrants, including refugees, fleeing war, persecution, natural disasters and poverty, have travelled through Turkey to Greece in search of safety and a dignified life in Europe. Lacking safe and legal alternatives, they put their lives in the hands of smugglers and risk everything during perilous sea and land crossings. Oxfam and ActionAid have listened to hundreds of refugee and migrant women and men on Lesvos island, in Athens and in the Epirus region of northwest Greece to understand why they fled their countries, what their immediate needs are, and what they plan to do next. This paper presents the key messages that they want European people and their governments to hear.
- Topic:
- Migration, Refugees, Refugee Crisis, and Humanitarian Crisis
- Political Geography:
- Europe, Turkey, and Greece
16. Hotspots, Rights Denied: The lack of a legal framework is threatening the rights of migrants reaching Italy
- Author:
- Guilia Capitani
- Publication Date:
- 06-2016
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Oxfam Publishing
- Abstract:
- The flow of migrants into Italy continues to be dealt with as an 'emergency' situation. The EU's 'hotspot' approach, outlined in the European Agenda for Migration of May 2015 as a short-term measure, has been implemented in Italy and Greece and is an approach involving EU officers, in collaboration with national authorities, in the identification, fingerprinting and registration of migrants. This paper from Oxfam Italia examines the hotspot approach in Italy through the experiences of humanitarian agencies and civil society organizations on the ground, and through the voices of migrants themselves. It concludes that, due to the lack of a legal framework, the hotspot approach seriously violates the fundamental rights of people reaching Italian shores. Oxfam calls for the Italian government and the European Union to define hotspot procedures and activities in EU and national regulations and to take medium-term action to expand the capacity of the receiving and support systems in Italy.
- Topic:
- Migration, Diaspora, Immigration, Refugees, and Legal Theory
- Political Geography:
- Europe, Greece, Italy, and Mediterranean
17. Closed Borders: The impact of border closures on people on the move, with a focus on women and children in Serbia and Macedonia
- Author:
- Oxfam Publishing
- Publication Date:
- 11-2016
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Oxfam Publishing
- Abstract:
- In 2015 there was a huge increase in the number of migrants, including refugees, arriving in Greece and travelling along the Balkan route on their way to destination countries further north. According to UNHCR, more than one million refugees and migrants crossed the Mediterranean in 2015. This report looks at the protection concerns of people on the move, especially women and children, in Macedonia and Serbia following the closure of the Balkan route. It is based on research and information gathered by Oxfam and its partners: the Belgrade Centre for Human Rights and Atina in Serbia, and the Macedonian Young Lawyer Association and Open Gate/ La Strada in Macedonia. The report includes recommendations on how to protect and promote their safety, dignity and human rights.
- Topic:
- Human Rights, Migration, Refugees, and Humanitarian Crisis
- Political Geography:
- Europe, Serbia, and Macedonia
18. Where There's a Will, There's a Way: Safe havens needed for refugees from Syria
- Author:
- Evelien Van Roemburg, Alexandra Saieh, and Daniel Gorevan
- Publication Date:
- 12-2016
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Oxfam Publishing
- Abstract:
- Oxfam's research shows that less than three percent of the Syrian refugee population have actually arrived in rich countries through resettlement programmes. By analysing resettlement policies and practices in eight key countries, looking at capacity (i.e. investment in staff and facilities), security procedures, resettlement criteria and the general political climate towards refugees, this paper shows why resettling at least 10 percent of the refugee population from Syria is both necessary and possible.
- Topic:
- Migration, Refugees, Displacement, and Resettlement
- Political Geography:
- Middle East and Syria
19. For Richer or Poorer: The capture of growth and politics in emerging economies
- Author:
- Alice Krozer
- Publication Date:
- 09-2015
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Oxfam Publishing
- Abstract:
- The emerging economies Brazil, China, India, Indonesia, Mexico, Russia, South Africa and Turkey - in short, the BRICSAMIT - have come to be considered the economic powerhouses of recent decades. Not only have these countries managed to reduce poverty; most have embarked on a steep economic growth path and play an increasingly influential role on the global scene. But today, all eight BRICSAMIT countries occupy the top ranks as some of the most unequal countries in the world. The price these countries - and millions of their citizens - pay for this is high. Excessive inequality hampers development prospects: negatively impacting growth potential, threatening poverty reduction, leading to mass migration flows and 'brain drain', and reducing opportunities for young people. This report, which was commissioned by civil society networks across the BRICSAMIT countries, aims to increase the urgency to tackle the structural causes of inequality by shedding light on the nature and scope of the issue in the BRICSAMIT, and the economic, political and social consequences these countries are now facing as a result.
- Topic:
- International Cooperation, Migration, Poverty, and Economic Inequality
- Political Geography:
- Africa, Russia, China, Europe, Indonesia, Turkey, Asia, South Africa, Brazil, South America, and Mexico
20. Piecing Together the Jigsaw: Prospects for improved social relations after the armed conflict in northern Mali
- Author:
- Elise Ford and Ilaria Allegrozzi
- Publication Date:
- 10-2013
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Oxfam Publishing
- Abstract:
- Since January 2012, Mali has been suffering an unprecedented and multi-dimensional socio-political, security and humanitarian crisis. It follows years of weakening state authority, poor governance, a disintegrating army and inter-community tensions. Antagonism and tension between and within communities have built up since the beginning of the conflict, and the rebuilding of social ties and the implementation of a genuine reconciliation process are among the main challenges that must be overcome in order to reconstruct Mali and ensure its long-term stability.
- Topic:
- Political Violence, Human Rights, Islam, Migration, and Insurgency
- Political Geography:
- Africa and Northern Mali