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2. Preparing for an Earthquake: Responses by the Public and the Authorities
- Author:
- Carmit Padan and Jael Eshkenazi
- Publication Date:
- 07-2017
- Content Type:
- Commentary and Analysis
- Institution:
- Institute for National Security Studies (INSS)
- Abstract:
- The United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNISDR) estimates that in the past 20 years, approximately 1.3 million people were killed and approximately 4.5 billion were affected by natural disasters, including earthquakes. Yet the number of casualties caused by the earthquake in Haiti in 2010 varied sharply from the number of casualties caused by the earthquake in Christchurch, New Zealand in 2011. The earthquake in Haiti was of similar magnitude as the major quake in Christchurch, but the human toll was significantly higher: 185 people were killed in the Christchurch earthquake, versus an estimated number of more than 220,000 killed in Haiti. Clearly, then, it is not the magnitude of the disaster or natural hazard that determines its impact.
- Topic:
- Disaster Relief
- Political Geography:
- Haiti
3. Brazil in Haiti: the challenges ahead
- Author:
- Monica Hirst
- Publication Date:
- 02-2010
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Norwegian Centre for Conflict Resolution
- Abstract:
- In light of the January 2010 earthquake, Brazil\'s decision to contribute immediate humanitarian assistance and long-term reconstruction in Haiti is not a new challenge. The mandate fits seamlessly into the existing foreign policy priorities of the Lula administration. Brazil has sent dozens of medical professionals as well as food, water and first aid supplies to Haiti, along with a donation of $18.8 million of which $5 million have already been delivered to the UN. Brazil is determined to be a leader in the international reconstruction efforts in Haiti, aligning itself with other bilateral donors and multilateral agencies. The South American nation\'s intentions to lead the efforts are clear, with the Brazilian foreign minister suggesting a proposed Marshall Plan for Haiti be reconsidered as a “Lula Plan”.
- Topic:
- Disaster Relief and Humanitarian Aid
- Political Geography:
- Brazil, South America, United Nations, Caribbean, and Haiti
4. Haiti: Stabilisation and Reconstruction after the Quake
- Publication Date:
- 03-2010
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- International Crisis Group
- Abstract:
- Haiti's earthquake produced enormous devastation that threatens political and socio-economic stability and poses huge recovery and reconstruction challenges. Historical institutional and governance weaknesses and deep poverty compound a major humanitarian crisis that could become very difficult to control if the security environment deteriorates further with the approaching rainy and hurricane seasons. The disaster prompted postponement of legislative elections and casts uncertainty over whether presidential elections can be held at year's end as planned. After mid-May, the legislature will have left office, and the country will be missing critical parts of its institutional anatomy. The government must thus reach out now to civil, political and economic society to forge a robust consensus on how democracy can be upheld until elections without sacrificing the incumbent's ability to take tough and urgent decisions on reconstruction. These need to be based on a Haitian-led long-term strategy supported by all sectors of society and the international community and pay due attention to restoring security and rule of law.
- Topic:
- Disaster Relief, Economics, Poverty, and Foreign Aid
- Political Geography:
- Caribbean and Haiti
5. Haiti: Towards and Beyond the Donors' Conference
- Author:
- Robert Maguire
- Publication Date:
- 04-2010
- Content Type:
- Policy Brief
- Institution:
- United States Institute of Peace
- Abstract:
- Haiti's January 12 earthquake left up to 300,000 people dead, an equal number injured, and more than a million displaced; overall damage and loss are valued at $7.9 billion, or about 120 percent of Haiti's 2009 gross domestic product.
- Topic:
- Disaster Relief, International Cooperation, Foreign Aid, and Reconstruction
- Political Geography:
- Caribbean and Haiti
6. The International Donors' Conference and Support for Haiti's Future
- Author:
- Robert Maguire and Casie Copeland
- Publication Date:
- 05-2010
- Content Type:
- Policy Brief
- Institution:
- United States Institute of Peace
- Abstract:
- At the March 31, 2010 International Donors' Conference on Haiti some $10 billion was pledged in support of the government of Haiti's “Action Plan for National Recovery and Development of Haiti,” with $5.3 billion earmarked for the next two years.
- Topic:
- Development, Disaster Relief, Humanitarian Aid, International Cooperation, Foreign Aid, and Reconstruction
- Political Geography:
- United States, Caribbean, and Haiti
7. Haiti: A Republic of NGOs?
- Author:
- Liz Panarelli and Madeline Kristoff
- Publication Date:
- 04-2010
- Content Type:
- Policy Brief
- Institution:
- United States Institute of Peace
- Abstract:
- Concerns about the role of nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) in Haiti's development have been present for decades. However, these issues have gained increasing prominence following the January 12, 2010 earthquake that destroyed much of Port-au-Prince.
- Topic:
- Disaster Relief, Humanitarian Aid, Non-Governmental Organization, Foreign Aid, Governance, and Reconstruction
- Political Geography:
- Caribbean and Haiti
8. The Rule of Law in Haiti After the Earthquake
- Author:
- Vivienne O'Connor
- Publication Date:
- 04-2010
- Content Type:
- Policy Brief
- Institution:
- United States Institute of Peace
- Abstract:
- The January 12th earthquake in Haiti shook the justice system. Prior to the earthquake, Haiti had been making steady progress towards improving access to justice.
- Topic:
- Disaster Relief, Governance, and Law
- Political Geography:
- Caribbean and Haiti
9. Haiti: A Forward Look
- Author:
- Robert M. Perito
- Publication Date:
- 06-2010
- Content Type:
- Policy Brief
- Institution:
- United States Institute of Peace
- Abstract:
- Five months after Haiti's January 12th earthquake, the situation on the ground remains critical. With the arrival of hurricane season, the failure to provide adequate shelter and instill hope for a better future threatens stability. Donor pledges of more than $5 billion for assistance have not translated into visible progress, fueling discontent and raising growing concern among Haitians about their government's electiveness. Haiti's government has tried to exert leadership in recovery operations despite the destruction of government buildings, the death of nearly 25 percent of the civil service personnel and the massive dislocations caused by the earthquake. The Haitian government has also begun preparations for presidential and parliamentary elections in November 2010. The combination of faltering recovery at a time of national elections could provoke unrest.
- Topic:
- Disaster Relief, Humanitarian Aid, and Natural Disasters
- Political Geography:
- Caribbean and Haiti
10. Haiti 2009: Stability at Risk
- Publication Date:
- 03-2009
- Content Type:
- Policy Brief
- Institution:
- International Crisis Group
- Abstract:
- A series of crises in 2008 have increased the potential for serious trouble in Haiti this year. The politically motivated, violent April riots against high living costs caused widespread disruption and suffering, toppled the government of Prime Minister Jacques-Édouard Alexis and forced postponement of a donor conference. In August and September, four tropical storms and hurricanes killed 800, affected nearly one million, exacerbated food shortages and pushed yet more Haitians into poverty. Extensive damage was caused to infrastructure and agriculture. The global financial crisis is making it difficult for donors to meet commitments and reducing diaspora remittances. President René Préval and Prime Minister Michèle Pierre-Louis, who took office in September 2008, need to secure the support of donors and parliament quickly for a wide-ranging stabilisation strategy or risk political instability and violence. These are major challenges in a year in which parliamentary elections will be held and constitutional reform is on the agenda.
- Topic:
- Conflict Resolution, Political Violence, Development, Disaster Relief, Economics, Politics, Post Colonialism, and Poverty
- Political Geography:
- Caribbean and Haiti
11. Haiti After the Storms: Weather and Conflict
- Author:
- Robert M. Perito
- Publication Date:
- 11-2008
- Content Type:
- Policy Brief
- Institution:
- United States Institute of Peace
- Abstract:
- In September 2008, four hurricanes and tropical storms—Fay, Gustav, Hannah and Ike—slammed into Haiti with devastating force. Nearly 800 people were killed, 300 remain missing and more than 500 were injured. More than 150,000 people were displaced. Cities and towns were inundated with mud. Roads, bridges, crops and factories were destroyed. Damage to infrastructure was so great that helicopters and boats were required to reach parts of the island. Millions were left at risk of starvation. International aid officials warned that shortages could spark the kind of food riots that erupted in April of this year.
- Topic:
- Disaster Relief and Humanitarian Aid
- Political Geography:
- Caribbean and Haiti