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32. MENA Population’s Perceptions of Key Challenges, International Context and the Role of the European Union
- Author:
- Andrea Teti, Pamela Abbott, Paolo Maggiolini, and Valeria Talbot
- Publication Date:
- 01-2017
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Arab Transformations Project, University of Aberdeen
- Abstract:
- Survey data from the ArabTrans 2014 survey contains a unique battery of questions pertaining to the perception of the European Union. This report builds on those questions to analyse perceptions of the EU, its development cooperation programmes, its promotion of democracy, the appropriateness of its response to the Arab Uprisings, and the perception of the EU as an international actor. Overall, the data suggests low levels of awareness and relatively negative opinions of the EU’s actions both in general and in the specific context of its response to the Arab Uprisings. However, respondents’ preferences also suggest avenues for policy development for the Union such that it might simultaneously achieve its interests and meet the demands of MENA populations. Throughout, the paper also takes note of specific patterns and conditions found in individual countries which present particular challenges for the EU.
- Topic:
- International Relations, International Security, and International Affairs
- Political Geography:
- Europe and Middle East
33. Competing visions for Syria and Iraq: The Myth of an anti-ISIS coalition
- Author:
- Jennifer Cafarella
- Publication Date:
- 01-2016
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Institute for the Study of War
- Abstract:
- The Institute for the Study of War (ISW) and the Critical Threats Project (CTP) at the American Enterprise Institute conducted an intensive multi-week planning exercise to frame, design, and evaluate potential courses of action that the United States could pursue to defeat the threat from the Islamic State in Iraq and al Sham (ISIS) and al Qaeda in Iraq and Syria. ISW and CTP will publish the findings of this exercise in multiple reports. The first report examined America’s global grand strategic objectives as they relate to the threat from ISIS and al Qaeda.[1] This second report defines American strategic objectives in Iraq and Syria, identify the minimum necessary conditions for ending the conflicts there, and compare U.S. objectives with those of Iran, Russia, Turkey, and Saudi Arabia in order to understand actual convergences and divergences. The differences mean that the U.S. cannot rely heavily on international partners to achieve its objectives. Subsequent reports will provide a detailed assessment of the situation on the ground in Syria and present the planning group’s evaluation of several courses of action.
- Topic:
- International Security
- Political Geography:
- Syria
34. Afghanistan Order of Battle
- Author:
- Morgan Wesley
- Publication Date:
- 02-2016
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Institute for the Study of War
- Abstract:
- The Afghanistan ORBAT (PDF) describes the location and area of responsibility of all American units in Afghanistan, down to the battalion level, updated as of February 2016..
- Topic:
- International Security
- Political Geography:
- Afghanistan
35. Popular Struggles and Elite Co-Optation: The Nuer White Army in South Sudan's Civil War
- Author:
- John Young
- Publication Date:
- 07-2016
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Small Arms Survey
- Abstract:
- The Human Security Baseline Assessment (HSBA) for Sudan and South Sudan is a multi-year project administered by the Small Arms Survey. It was developed in cooperation with the Canadian government, the United Nations Mission in Sudan, the United Nations Development Programme, and a wide array of international and Sudanese partners. Through the active generation and dissemination of timely, empirical research, the project supports violence reduction initiatives, including disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration programmes, incentive schemes for civilian arms collection, as well as security sector reform and arms control interventions across Sudan and South Sudan. The HSBA also offers policy-relevant advice on redressing insecurity.
- Topic:
- Arms Control and Proliferation, United Nations, International Security, Reform, and UNDP
- Political Geography:
- Sudan and South Sudan
36. Regional Organizations and the UN Programme of Action on Small Arms
- Author:
- Eric G. Berman and Kerry Maze
- Publication Date:
- 06-2016
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Small Arms Survey
- Abstract:
- The UN Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (PoA) provides an increasingly critical framework for governments and civil society. Armed groups continue to illegally access and use illegal weapons to mount mass attacks on civilians and terrorize cities and communities, commit human rights violations and banditry, and incite and prolong armed conflicts. Some 60 million people are displaced due to war and insecurity (UNHCR, 2016). Armed attacks and kidnappings directed at humanitarian workers are at record highs. Armed groups are increasingly disregarding international humanitarian law and, as a result, are blocking much needed assistance to populations at risk.1 The vast majority of deaths from armed violence do not occur in conflict settings, however. Of the more than 500,000 lives that are lost annually to armed violence, in some countries small arms––many of them illicit––are used in more than three out of four homicides (Geneva Declaration Secretariat, 2015).
- Topic:
- Arms Control and Proliferation, International Security, Governance, Weapons, and UNDP
- Political Geography:
- Global Focus
37. A New Development Agenda: Bridging the Development–Security Divide
- Publication Date:
- 06-2016
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Abstract:
- Weapons play a pivotal role in violence and insecurity worldwide: around 44 per cent of all violent deaths involve the use of firearms (Geneva Declaration Secretariat, 2015, p. 2). Given their typically long life spans, small arms can circu- late in a region or between regions over dec- ades, while in the wrong hands even small quantities of arms and ammunition can have destabilizing effects. In particular, the illicit proliferation of arms and ammunition is a driver of modern armed conflicts, often pro- longing their effects (Anders, 2015; Diehl and Jenzen-Jones, 2014; Florquin and Leff, 2014). Flows of illicit arms also affect countries sup- posedly ‘at peace’, contributing to high levels of violence (Schroeder, 2013; 2014; 2016).
- Topic:
- Arms Control and Proliferation, International Security, Military Strategy, Armed Struggle, Military Affairs, and Weapons
- Political Geography:
- Global Focus
38. A New Development Agenda: Bridging the Development–Security Divide
- Publication Date:
- 06-2016
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Abstract:
- Weapons play a pivotal role in violence and insecurity worldwide: around 44 per cent of all violent deaths involve the use of firearms (Geneva Declaration Secretariat, 2015, p. 2). Given their typically long life spans, small arms can circu- late in a region or between regions over dec- ades, while in the wrong hands even small quantities of arms and ammunition can have destabilizing effects. In particular, the illicit proliferation of arms and ammunition is a driver of modern armed conflicts, often pro- longing their effects (Anders, 2015; Diehl and Jenzen-Jones, 2014; Florquin and Leff, 2014). Flows of illicit arms also affect countries sup- posedly ‘at peace’, contributing to high levels of violence (Schroeder, 2013; 2014; 2016).
- Topic:
- Arms Control and Proliferation, International Security, Military Strategy, Armed Struggle, Military Affairs, and Weapons
- Political Geography:
- Global Focus
39. A New Development Agenda: Bridging the Development–Security Divide
- Publication Date:
- 06-2016
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Abstract:
- Weapons play a pivotal role in violence and insecurity worldwide: around 44 per cent of all violent deaths involve the use of firearms (Geneva Declaration Secretariat, 2015, p. 2). Given their typically long life spans, small arms can circu- late in a region or between regions over dec- ades, while in the wrong hands even small quantities of arms and ammunition can have destabilizing effects. In particular, the illicit proliferation of arms and ammunition is a driver of modern armed conflicts, often pro- longing their effects (Anders, 2015; Diehl and Jenzen-Jones, 2014; Florquin and Leff, 2014). Flows of illicit arms also affect countries sup- posedly ‘at peace’, contributing to high levels of violence (Schroeder, 2013; 2014; 2016).
- Topic:
- Arms Control and Proliferation, International Security, Military Strategy, Armed Struggle, Military Affairs, and Weapons
- Political Geography:
- Global Focus
40. A New Development Agenda: Bridging the Development–Security Divide
- Publication Date:
- 06-2016
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Abstract:
- Weapons play a pivotal role in violence and insecurity worldwide: around 44 per cent of all violent deaths involve the use of firearms (Geneva Declaration Secretariat, 2015, p. 2). Given their typically long life spans, small arms can circu- late in a region or between regions over dec- ades, while in the wrong hands even small quantities of arms and ammunition can have destabilizing effects. In particular, the illicit proliferation of arms and ammunition is a driver of modern armed conflicts, often pro- longing their effects (Anders, 2015; Diehl and Jenzen-Jones, 2014; Florquin and Leff, 2014). Flows of illicit arms also affect countries sup- posedly ‘at peace’, contributing to high levels of violence (Schroeder, 2013; 2014; 2016).
- Topic:
- Arms Control and Proliferation, International Security, Military Strategy, Armed Struggle, Military Affairs, and Weapons
- Political Geography:
- Global Focus