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92. Qatar’s battle for LNG market share
- Author:
- Stasa Salacanin
- Publication Date:
- 06-2017
- Content Type:
- Special Report
- Institution:
- Al Jazeera Center for Studies
- Abstract:
- In 2005, Qatar imposed a self-moratorium on future gas developments in the North Field, but has recently lifted it in defence of the country’s leading LNG market share as new global players rapidly expand their production.
- Topic:
- International Security and International Affairs
- Political Geography:
- Middle East
93. Establishing triangular talks among Washington, Beijing and Seoul
- Author:
- Gilbert Rozman
- Publication Date:
- 08-2017
- Content Type:
- Special Report
- Institution:
- Korea Economic Institute of America (KEI)
- Abstract:
- Of five alternative approaches to addressing the North Korean threat to stability in East Asia and beyond, this section is concerned with the possibility of just one—a diplomatic approach via Three-Way Talks among China, South Korea, and the United States. We single out this approach as the golden mean for reconciling the conflicting interests among the parties best positioned to reshape the calculus of Pyongyang. It represents the path to compromise. Among the alternatives, there is the Chinese appeal for a dual-track approach through Six-Party Talks, aimed at a peace treaty on terms attractive to North Korea and greatly transformative to the security architecture in Northeast Asia. This could hardly be called a compromise, since Seoul and Washington regard this as a win for Pyongyang and evidence that Beijing actually has been siding with Pyongyang. Another alternative is Strategic Patience, which is a misnomer for the policy of the Obama administration, but, in any case, refers mainly to reliance on increased deterrence as pressure is ratcheted up. In fact, Obama was seeking a pathway to three-way talks, giving China time to shift in that direction bolstered by new sanctions, while in 2016 also moving closer to a fourth approach: Unilateral Sanctions targeted at the Chinese firms assisting North Korea. A fifth option is Alliance Triangularity to force change in Pyongyang.
- Topic:
- Diplomacy, International Cooperation, and International Security
- Political Geography:
- Asia
94. The Origins and Evolution of ISIS in Libya
- Author:
- Jason Pack, Rhiannon Smith, and Karim Mezran
- Publication Date:
- 06-2017
- Content Type:
- Special Report
- Institution:
- Atlantic Council
- Abstract:
- For the past three decades, Libya has been a rich recruiting ground for the global jihad. Investigating the precursors and then subsequent evolution of the Islamic State of Iraq and al-Sham (ISIS) and other extremist actors throughout this period presents actionable insights into how jihadist actors coalesce; how they interfere in post-conflict state building; the threats they pose to civilians, nascent economies, and external states; and finally, what complexities remain when their hold on territory has been eradicated, but their adherents have not been killed nor their ideology debunked. In The Origins and Evolution of ISIS in Libya, Jason Pack, Rhiannon Smith, Karim Mezran examine ISIS’s pre-history, birth, expansion, consolidation, and dispersal in Libya, as well as the broader political context of the country. They offer advice and recommendations for how Western governments and militaries should approach jihadist actors globally.
- Topic:
- International Security
- Political Geography:
- Libya
95. The Kurds Have Opened Pandora’s Box
- Author:
- Bessma Momani
- Publication Date:
- 09-2017
- Content Type:
- Special Report
- Institution:
- Centre for International Governance Innovation
- Abstract:
- The Kurds of Iraq have been patiently waiting for the right time to secede from the troubled state. Monday's referendum turnout was high and the result was clear: 92 per cent are overwhelmingly in favour of independence. While many Kurds felt the time was right to have a referendum on the question of independence, it is the worst time for all regional stakeholders and the Kurds may have made it more difficult for themselves to realize their national dream.
- Topic:
- International Security and International Affairs
- Political Geography:
- Iraq and Kurdistan
96. Mapping the Global Legal Landscape of Blockchain and Other Distributed Ledger Technologies
- Author:
- Julie Maupin
- Publication Date:
- 10-2017
- Content Type:
- Special Report
- Institution:
- Centre for International Governance Innovation
- Abstract:
- Blockchain, tangle and other distributed ledger technologies (DLTs) are pushing a broad array of previously centralized global economic activities toward decentralized market structures. Governments should tackle the new regulatory conundrums of an increasingly disintermediated global economy by focusing on DLTs’ individual use cases rather than its underlying enabling technologies. Grouping the known use cases by common characteristics reveals three broad categories of blockchain-law interfaces. For ease of reference, this paper labels these the recycle box, the dark box and the sandbox. Each raises distinct legal, regulatory and policy challenges deserving of separate analysis.
- Topic:
- Science and Technology and International Security
- Political Geography:
- Global Focus
97. The Qatar Crisis
- Author:
- Marc Lynch and Stephanie Dahle
- Publication Date:
- 10-2017
- Content Type:
- Special Report
- Institution:
- Project on Middle East Political Science (POMEPS)
- Abstract:
- On June 5, 2017, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates launched a campaign against Qatar. Tensions between these Gulf Cooperation Council members were nothing new, but few anticipated the sudden escalation or the intensity of the campaign. The anti-Qatar campaign leaders then failed to achieve a rapid resolution of the crisis in their favor through a Qatari capitulation. More than four months later, the GCC remains badly divided and both sides are increasingly entrenched in their positions. To make sense of this political conflict, POMEPS is pleased to release this collection of essays by a wide range of leading scholars published in The Monkey Cage and in POMEPS Studies over the last several years. The collection is divided into four major sections: the origins and course of the current conflict; regional responses; how the Arab uprisings impacted the GCC; and background on the divisive question of Islamism and the Muslim Brotherhood.
- Topic:
- International Political Economy and International Security
- Political Geography:
- Middle East
98. The Palestinian Arabs in Israel: Reconceptualizing the Past
- Author:
- Arik Rudnitzky
- Publication Date:
- 10-2017
- Content Type:
- Special Report
- Institution:
- Moshe Dayan Center for Middle Eastern and African Studies
- Abstract:
- Arik Rudnitzsky examines changes in the historiography of Arab society in Israel and shows how new contributions highlight the elements of resistance that prevailed among the Arab population in the years following the establishment of the state.
- Topic:
- Conflict Prevention and International Security
- Political Geography:
- Israel and Palestine
99. Refugees and Migration Movements in the Middle East
- Author:
- Marc Lynch
- Publication Date:
- 03-2017
- Content Type:
- Special Report
- Institution:
- Project on Middle East Political Science (POMEPS)
- Abstract:
- The Middle East has experienced a dramatic flood of refugees and forced migration over the last fifteen years. The UN High Commission on Refugees reports more than 16 million refugees and 60 million displaced persons around the world today, including asylum seekers and the internally displaced. The wars in Syria and Iraq have produced the greatest share of the Middle East’s refugees in recent years, but many more have fled wars and failed states in Afghanistan, Libya, Somalia, Sudan, and Yemen. Neighboring states have faced severe challenges in absorbing millions of refugees, while North African states and Turkey have emerged as key transit hubs for refugee flows into Europe.
- Topic:
- Human Rights, International Security, International Affairs, and Refugee Crisis
- Political Geography:
- Middle East
100. Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Cyber Readiness at a Glance
- Author:
- Melissa Hathaway
- Publication Date:
- 09-2017
- Content Type:
- Special Report
- Institution:
- Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs, Harvard University
- Abstract:
- The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Cyber Readiness at a Glance is the ninth study in a series of country reports assessing national-level preparedness for cyber risks based on the Cyber Readiness Index (CRI) 2.0 methodology. This report provides the most in-depth analysis to date of Saudi Arabia's current cyber security posture and its efforts to strengthen the country's security and resilience in the wake of significant cyber threats to the nation.
- Topic:
- International Security and Cybersecurity
- Political Geography:
- Saudi Arabia