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122. Liberal Overreach and the Misinterpretation of 1989
- Author:
- Thomas Klein-Brockhoff
- Publication Date:
- 10-2019
- Content Type:
- Special Report
- Institution:
- German Marshall Fund of the United States (GMFUS)
- Abstract:
- When the Berlin Wall fell 30 years ago, many in the West dreamt of a Europe whole and free and at peace. This was back when the nations of Europe and North America agreed on the Paris Charter and its fairy-tale ending, a “new age of democracy, freedom and unity” for Europe, and implicitly, for the entire world. It turned out somewhat differently.
- Topic:
- International Affairs
- Political Geography:
- Global Focus
123. 1989 with Chinese Characteristics
- Author:
- Janka Oertel
- Publication Date:
- 10-2019
- Content Type:
- Special Report
- Institution:
- German Marshall Fund of the United States (GMFUS)
- Abstract:
- While the 30th anniversary of the peaceful revolution that led to reunification of Germany and the end of the Soviet Union is celebrated in the West, China’s leadership had hoped their 1989 would go unremembered. It did not happen that way. The world has changed enormously since the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) clamped down on protests in Tiananmen Square on June 4, 1989. China has become almost unrecognizable after decades of record growth and development of singular scale. But as the anniversary and the recent events in Hong Kong demonstrate all too well, the CCP has remained remarkably unaltered. Despite decades of change and growing prosperity, it holds fast its grip on control – now more enabled by deep pockets, unparalleled propoganda prowess, and global clout.
- Topic:
- International Relations, Democratization, and International Affairs
- Political Geography:
- Global Focus
124. A Silicon Curtain is Descending: Technological Perils of the Next 30 Years
- Author:
- Lindsay Gorman
- Publication Date:
- 10-2019
- Content Type:
- Special Report
- Institution:
- German Marshall Fund of the United States (GMFUS)
- Abstract:
- pal story of 1989 in Europe is a story about technology – of radio and information crossing the East-West divide to bring down the Berlin Wall. Indeed, the post-communist narrative became that more connectivity and more connection meant more freedom and more democracy. It was on the wave of this narrative that the Internet became the world’s ultimate connector.1 It has brought globalization and international commerce in an unprecedented and unimaginable way, given activists a platform and a megaphone, and made information about democratic governance available to anyone with a router. Or almost anyone.
- Topic:
- International Political Economy, Science and Technology, and International Affairs
- Political Geography:
- Europe
125. From Triumph to Travail: The EU's 1989 Legacy
- Author:
- Jan Techau
- Publication Date:
- 10-2019
- Content Type:
- Special Report
- Institution:
- German Marshall Fund of the United States (GMFUS)
- Abstract:
- As party systems across Europe adjust to changed popular demand at rapid speed, the European Union struggles to find its bearings in this whirlwind of political transformation. Euroscepticism has won a few big victories across Europe, and loose talk about the EU falling apart or being beyond repair is rife.
- Topic:
- International Relations and International Affairs
- Political Geography:
- Europe
126. Authoritarian Advance: How Authoritarian Regimes Upended Assumptions about Democratic Expansion
- Author:
- Laura Rosenberger
- Publication Date:
- 10-2019
- Content Type:
- Special Report
- Institution:
- German Marshall Fund of the United States (GMFUS)
- Abstract:
- Thirty years after the fall of the Berlin wall, democracies again face a struggle against authoritarianism. This is not the ideological battle of the Cold War, but it is a confrontation between systems of government.
- Topic:
- Democratization, International Affairs, and Authoritarianism
- Political Geography:
- Europe
127. The #MeToo Movement Has Gone Global
- Author:
- Michael Galant
- Publication Date:
- 10-2019
- Content Type:
- Special Report
- Institution:
- Foreign Policy In Focus
- Abstract:
- The #MeToo movement started with a single tweet — now, it has produced an international treaty. One in three women have experienced physical or sexual violence in their lifetimes, while close to three in four report having been sexually harassed. Much of this violence occurs in the workplace, where power imbalances and economic pressures increase the risk of abuse. Yet 59 countries have no legislation specifically addressing workplace harassment.
- Topic:
- International Relations and International Affairs
- Political Geography:
- Global Focus
128. New Forms of Public Administration Activity in Poland after 1989 as an Attempt of Realization Current Social Demands
- Author:
- Paulina Bieś-Srokosz
- Publication Date:
- 01-2019
- Content Type:
- Special Report
- Institution:
- Polish Political Science Association (PPSA)
- Abstract:
- The deep changes in Polish legal system and economy that took place after 1989 contributed to the emergence of new challenges for public administration. The legislator, in order to satisfy growing numbers of social demands, appointed new tasks and created a new legal form of action for public administration entities. However, not every of the new forms were fitted to classically understood administrative law. Part of this new forms at the same time combines some features characteristic for administrative law as well as typical for civil law, which gives them untypical (hybrid) character. As an example, there can be mentioned: civil law contracts with so called “overlays” (obligatory additional conditions) imposed by certain legal acts as well as administrative settlements and administrative contracts. The aim of this article is to analyze those hybrid forms of action of public administration entities in terms of implementation the objectives of regulation set by the legislator.
- Topic:
- International Security and International Affairs
- Political Geography:
- Global Focus
129. The Self-government Constitutes an Essential Element of the Civil Security in Polish Political Thought after 1989
- Author:
- Grzegorz Radomski
- Publication Date:
- 01-2019
- Content Type:
- Special Report
- Institution:
- Polish Political Science Association (PPSA)
- Abstract:
- : The article analyses the Polish political thought after 1989 concerning the local self-government. Attention was drawn to various currents of the Polish political thought, such as liberalism, conservatism, the teaching of the Church, social democracy or nationalism. Particular attention was paid to the role of the self-government in building civil society and to the forms of citizen participation. According to the main hypothesis, the activity of the local self-government is generally accepted. The self-government is an important element of political projects and is considered an important element of civil security and plays an important role in building the civil society. The thought of Charles Taylor “the atrophy of the self-government constitutes a danger for the stability of the liberal society and in the consequence for the freedom protected by it” suited undoubtedly the liberals and the representatives of other political trends
- Topic:
- International Affairs
- Political Geography:
- Global Focus
130. Subverting the Idea(l) of Equal Opportunity in Global Trade:
- Author:
- Antonio Salvador Alcazar III
- Publication Date:
- 01-2019
- Content Type:
- Special Report
- Institution:
- Polish Political Science Association (PPSA)
- Abstract:
- The existing multilateral trade regime is often beleaguered for unfairly privileging its Western guarantors. Since not all countries command the same opportunity sets to compete in global markets, world trade rules sanction über-rich markets to extend autonomous trade concessions to capital-poor countries without demanding any reciprocal treatment. Given the entanglements of trade in the thorny issues of international development and distributive justice, this paper joins a crowded trade as/and fairness debate by judging how the present global economic order (dis)favors developing and least developed countries on the basis of equal opportunity. In a Roemerian-Rawlsian reading of economic fairness, I start by elevating the demands of diffuse reciprocity over the misguided minimalism of mutual reciprocity in a twin attempt to morally defend asymmetric exchanges between asymmetric trading partners and to redress background inequalities in access to the merits of commerce. While the notion and praxis of altruism in international trade generally allude to northern democracies in modern political thought, this article also unmasks parallel models of special and differential treatment projects lorded over by two seemingly unusual suspects: the Eurasian Economic Union and the People’s Republic of China. In juxtaposing weak and strong conceptions of equal opportunity vis-à-vis leading compensatory measures presently open to needy nations, I articulate how the strong standard of equal opportunity is partially cantilevered by existing level-playing-field structures and yet brutally bulldozed at once by the politics of donor discretion. Finally, although a diluted form of diffuse reciprocity grows more fashionable among affluent and emerging economies, unlocking the strong standard of equal opportunity still insists on a solidaristic system of preferences to diffuse both opportunities and obligations arising from a less tilted trading order as widely and deeply as possible.
- Topic:
- International Affairs
- Political Geography:
- Global Focus