Content Type: Policy Brief / Publishing Institution: United Nations University / Political Geography: Afghanistan

Author:: Shahrbanou Tadjbakhsh, Edward Newman, and Madoka Futamura
Publication Date:: 02-2010
Content Type:: Policy Brief
Institution:: United Nations University
Abstract:: In recent decades, international peacebuilding and reconstruction after civil wars have managed to promote stability and contain conflict in many regions around the world, ending violence and enabling communities to rebuild their lives and societies. However, the peacebuilding record indicates that there are problems related to the effectiveness and legitimacy of peacebuilding, especially related to the promotion of liberal democracy, market reform and state institutions. This brief considers these limitations and argues that a new human security-based approach may offer insights for a more sustainable form of peacebuilding.
Topic:: Conflict Prevention, Security, Human Welfare, and Peacekeeping
Political Geography:: Afghanistan

Author:: Wim Naudé
Publication Date:: 04-2010
Content Type:: Policy Brief
Institution:: United Nations University
Abstract:: This policy brief provides some fresh perspectives on the relationship between entrepreneurship and development, and considers policy design issues. It reports on the UNU-WIDER two-year research project “Promoting Entrepreneurial Capacity”, which aimed to understand whether and how entrepreneurship matters for development, how it could derail development, how entrepreneurs function in high growth as well as in conflict environments, and how female entrepreneurship differs across countries at various stages of development.
Topic:: Development, Economics, Emerging Markets, and Third World
Political Geography:: Afghanistan, Iraq, and Burundi

Author:: Vesselin Popovski and Nicholas Turner
Publication Date:: 01-2007
Content Type:: Policy Brief
Institution:: United Nations University
Abstract:: Decisions over the use of force are the most significant and dangerous that leaders must take, both morally and in terms of achieving their goals. Consideration of the reasons that can justify behaviour resulting in the elimination of human life is as philosophical and ethical as it is political and legal. In the context of exponential increases in the destructiveness of war, particularly with the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, such consideration assumes an even greater significance.
Topic:: Conflict Prevention, Security, Peace Studies, and Religion
Political Geography:: Afghanistan, Iraq, and Kosovo

Author:: Edward Newman and Oliver Richmond
Publication Date:: 01-2006
Content Type:: Policy Brief
Institution:: United Nations University
Abstract:: Many ceasefires and peace agreements in civil wars are initially unsuccessful and give way to renewed violence. In other cases, peace processes have become interminably protracted: lengthy and circular negotiations in which concessions are rare and even if agreements are reached they falter at the implementation phase. State-building and peacebuilding processes are also often subject to outbreaks of violence, as recent experience in Afghanistan, Haiti, Iraq, Kosovo and East Timor illustrate. Given the huge material and human costs of a failed peace process, the consolidation of conflict settlement and dealing with threats to peacebuilding are critical challenges for the international community. After a history of painful experience in cases such as Angola and Bosnia, the importance of this was finally addressed in December 2005 by the UN Security Council in Resolution 1645 which calls for the creation of a UN Peacebuilding Commission. Th is new organ is expected to improve coordination amongst, and effectiveness of, all agencies involved in peacebuilding, peacekeeping, disarmament and demobilization, development, human rights issues, and the administration of former conflict zones.
Topic:: Conflict Resolution, Security, Peace Studies, and Treaties and Agreements
Political Geography:: Afghanistan and Kosovo

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